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i) The maps show coastal points which summarise the sum of economic value in adjacent, hazard-exposed areas that are likely to be receiving protection from flooding. The hazard in the model is informed by wind and wave energy, which are indicative of threats arising both from flooding (including wave overtopping during storms) and erosion. Exposed areas include a 500m strip along all coasts, plus additional low-lying areas <5km from the shore. Economic value in these areas is derived from 2019 GDP converted to international dollars using Purchasing Power Parity rates, at approximately 1-km resolution.For more details, see: Burke and Spalding (2022). Shoreline protection by the world’s coral reefs: Mapping the benefits to people, assets, and infrastructure. Marine Policy. |